PERANCANGAN ALAT PENGUJIAN IMPAK METODE CHARPHY SKALA LAB MENGGUNAKAN ASTM E23

Abstract

One of the basic construction requirements is material. The mechanical properties required by a material include ductility, hardness, strength, and toughness. To determine the mechanical properties of a metal, it must be tested, one of which is the impact test. Impact testing is a test that measures resistance to shock loads. This study aims to design and construct an impact testing machine using the Charpy method and conduct direct research to determine the strength and impact energy of a metal. The tools used include a measuring scale, bearings, a shaft, a frame, a pendulum, and brakes. The test specimens used the ASTM E23 standard, which has a square cross-sectional area (10 x 10 mm) and a V-notch of 45°, with a base radius of 0.25 mm and a depth of 2 mm, and a 10 mm rivet. This impact test equipment has a pendulum weight of 18 kg, a pendulum length of 700 mm, an initial knock position of 1450, has dimensions of 1500 mm in length, 350 mm in width, and 1200 mm in height. The first specimen has a cross-sectional area of 550 mm² at 0⁰C producing an impact energy of 212.131 J, and an impact value of 0.385 J/mm². The second specimen at 15 ⁰C produces an impact energy of 213.953 J and an impact value of 0.389 J/mm². The third specimen at 30 ⁰C produces an impact energy of 221.464 J and an impact value of 0.402 J/mm². The fourth specimen at 45 ⁰C produces an impact energy of 222.360 J and an impact value of 0.404 J/mm². The fifth specimen, at 60°C, produced an impact energy of 223.108 J, resulting in an impact value of 0.405 J/mm². Testing ASTM E23-standardized steel with varying temperatures revealed that steel becomes more brittle when exposed to low temperatures, and more ductile when exposed to high temperatures.